MATHEMATICS CLUB:

As in some other subjects so also in Mathematics, the students be encouraged to organize themselves into Mathematics clubs and Mathematics associations. Under the auspices of this organization, discussions and lectures etc. are arranged. Such functions are quite helpful in creating interest in Mathematics. Under the auspices of such organization certain games based on some concepts of mathematics and mathematical problems can also be arranged. This is likely to help the students in having an idea of the practical utility of mathematics in addition to creating their interest in mathematics.

The values of mathematics clubs has been summarized below by Early Childhood Care and Education:

i) It is useful in arousing and maintaining interest in mathematics.

ii) It stimulates the active participation of the students.

iii) It develops in the students a habit of selective study. This helps them to make a distinction between relevant and irrelevant material.

iv) The knowledge gained by students in various function of such club activities supplements the class teaching.

v) It provides the students an opportunity to free discussion and they are benefited from one anther’s view.

vi) Gifted students get an opportunity to satisfy their needs and interests by actively participating in the activities of such clubs and associations.

vii) Students get an opportunity to listen to some well known and distinguished mathematicians.

viii) It gives the students basic training in organizing such programs.

ix) It is helpful in making proper utilization of leisure time.

x) Through participation in such clubs students get acquainted with the Contribution of Great Mathematicians in their fields.

reference: http://www.teachertrainingmumbai.com/early-childhood-care-education.html

MATHEMATICAL LABORATORY:

In our schools laboratories are generally established for science subjects.Therefore for a number of persons the idea of setting mathematics laboratory in the school sounds quiet unusual. Laboratory is a place which serves two fold purposes.Firstly it provides safe and proper place for placing all the essential material and equipment concerning the learning activities in a subject.Secondly it gives proper facilities and opportunities for essential practical work and lively learning experiences.Apart from this, setting of mathematics library will prove useful to a mathematics teacher in many different ways.The mathematics knowledge which cannot be translated into practice is a useless burden and therefore students of mathematics should be given proper opportunities for the integration of theory with practice.

Some of the advantages of a mathematics laboratory may summarised as follows:

1. It will help in creating interest of the students in the learning of mathematicians.

2. It will help in making use of all the progressive methods like inductive,analytic, laboratory,heuristic and project methods in the teaching and learning of mathematics.

3. It will help in the inculcation of scientific,problem solving and heuristic attitude among the students.

4. The theoretical concepts may be easily clarified through practical demonstration.In this way the laboratory should would definitely save the time and energy of the teachers as well as students.

5. It will help in training the students for the practical application of mathematical facts and principles in their life.

6. It will help in satisfying the creative and constructive urges of the students.

 MATHEMATICS LIBRARY:

INTRODUCTION
In any scheme of education, mathematics library plays a key role.Class room teaching has its limitations.It is difficult for teachers to go beyond the prescribed text book.Class room teachings may leave gaps and doubts.A library provides opportunities for leaving the gaps.The curious students get facilities for quenching their first thirst of knowledge through library.A well organised library is a source of attraction for its students.A mathematics library is the birth place of future mathematicians.It inspires, stimulates ans equips them to follow the footprints of great mathematicians.
A mathematics library,besides being a source of learning and inspiration to its students,also serves the interest and needs of teachers.Knowledge has no boundaries.A teacher has to keep himself abreast of the latest knowledge and skills in his subject.He has to learn most effective methods and devices for teaching. A good library in this sense,serves the role of a burning lamp.It sets burning the ambitions of learning more and more in teachers and inspires the students to imitate the ideals of their teachers.


NEED AND IMPORTANCE OF MATHEMATICS LIBRARY
Having realized the need and importance of library in teaching of mathematics it is now to be thought whether to have a separate mathematics library or not.Generally in schools,there happens to be ageneral library where all sorts of general books andbooks related to different subjects and activities are placed in different almirahs at different places.On big table or tables,newspapers,magazines,periodicals and journals are placed.This place also seves as areading room.
There should be a period for library reading in the time table for enebling the students of every section and class to have an easy access to such library.The teacher may take the help of monitor or some interested student of the class in the management of the affairs.Thw establishment of mathematics library in separate room or as part of general library may be supported on the following grounds:
1. The separate arrangement brings fficiency in the organization.
2. Mathematics teacher remains in touch with the volumes and literature available in library.
3. It gives a sense of separate identity and inculcates interest in the subject mathematics.
4. The student get better facilities for reading the books and literature.
5. It helps in the activities of mathematics club.
6. It may help in nurturing gifted and potentials students in mathematics.
Therefore,in every school attempts should be made to have a mathematical library with the cooperation of authorities and the students.


WHAT IS TO BE KEPT IN MATHEMATICS LIBRARY
Mathematics library should be made an attractive place.It should have useful information on its walls in in the form of writings, charts and posters about mathematicians,their contributions, the facts and principles of mathematics and the historical development of the subject mathematics.A library is known through its contents, therefore there should be a wise collection of useful books and literature in the mathematics library.For this purpose a mathematics teacher should spare no efforts for the judicious selection of books and literature.This collection then needs a proper categorization or classification.



REFERENCE:
TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS – by S.K.Mangal

BASIC  MATHEMATICAL  GK  QUESTIONS:

1. Fear of Numbers is called? 
Ans:  Numerophobia 

2.  How many thousands are there in one crore ? 
Ans:  10000 

3. Who is called the father of Geometry? 
Ans: Euclid 

4. Who is known as the Prince of Indian Mathematics? 
Ans: Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887-1920) 

5. Which mathematician spent more than a decade of his last days as a blind man? 
Ans: Leonard Euler (1707-1783) 

6. Which curve is known as the “Helen of Geometry”? 
Ans: Cycloid 

7. The number 1729 is popularly known as ? 
Ans: Ramanujan Number 

8. “Number rules the universe”. Who said it? 
Ans: Pythagoras (570 BC-495 BC) 

9. “As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality”. Who said it? 
Ans: Albert Einstein (1879-1955) 

10. Who coined the word ‘Million’ ? 
Ans:  Marco Polo 



REFERENCE: http://sapost.blogspot.in/

basic geometry

INSTRUMENTS   USED   IN   GEOMETRY:

compass:
a piece of equipment used for drawing circles, consisting of two thin parts joined in the shape of the letter V.

divider:
a piece of equipment used for measuring or drawing lines and angles, consisting of two pieces of metal with pointed ends that are joined together at top.

protractor:
an object that is shaped like half a circle and is used for measuring and drawing angles.

ruler:
an object used for measuring or for drawing straight lines, consisting of a long flat piece of plastic, wood, or metal marked with units of measurement.

set square:
 a flat plastic or metal tool with three straight sides and one right angle, used for drawing lines and measuring angles.

MATHEMATICAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS:

• algebra: a branch of mathematics that uses symbols or letters to represent variables, values or numbers, which can then be used to express operations and relationships and to solve equations
• algebraic expression: a combination of numbers and letters equivalent to a phrase in language, e.g. x² + 3x - 4
• algebraic equation: a combination of numbers and letters equivalent to a sentence in language, e.g. y = x² + 3x - 4
• algorithm: a step by step procedure by which an operation can be carried out
• axiom: a proposition that is not actually proved or demonstrated, but is considered to be self-evident and universally accepted as a starting point for deducing and inferring other truths and theorems, without any need of proof
• factor: a number that will divide into another number exactly, e.g. the factors of 10 are 1, 2 and 5
• fraction: a way of writing rational numbers (numbers that are not whole numbers), also used to represent ratios or division, in the form of a numerator over a denominator, e.g. ³⁄₅ (a unit fraction is a fraction whose numerator is 1)
• geometry: the part of mathematics concerned with the size, shape and relative position of figures, or the study of lines, angles, shapes and their properties
• infinity: a quantity or set of numbers without bound, limit or end, whether countably infinite like the set of integers, or uncountably infinite like the set of real numbers (represented by the symbol ∞)
• integers: whole numbers, both positive (natural numbers) and negative, including zero