USE OF MATHEMATICS IN SCIENCE:

USE OF MATHEMATICS IN SCIENCE:

1. Collecting data
2. Doing calculations and representing values
3. Choosing how to represent data
4. Drawing charts and graphs
5. Working with proportionality and ratio
6. Dealing with variability
7. Looking for relationships: line graphs
8. Looking for relationships: batches and scatter graphs
9. Scientific models and mathematical equations
10. Mathematics in the real world

INTERESTING FACTS IN MATHEMATICS:

Check out some interesting facts about numbers that you didn't know!

Do you know...
 
Names for 0
 
ZERO is the only number which is known with so many names including nought, naught, nil, zilch and zip.
 
Amazing PIE 
 
PIE (The ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle) can't be expressed as a fraction, making it an irrational number. It never repeats and never ends when written as a decimal.
 
What comes after a million?

Billion, Trillion, Quadrillion, Quintillion, Sextillion, Septillion, Octillion, Nonillion, Decillion and Undecillion.
 
What lies behind GOOGLE?
 
The name of the popular search engine 'Google' came from a misspelling of the word 'googol', which is a very large number (the number one followed by one hundred zeros to be exact).
 
Letter 'A'

From number 0 to 1000, the letter 'A' only appears in 1000 (One thousand)
 
Dice Magic
 
The opposite sides of a dice always add up to seven

REFERENCE: http://www.topperlearning.com/blog/top-6-cool-mathematics-facts-everyone-should-know-7304

Famous Math Minds

Can you imagine what life was like before computers? Many of the world's most famous and important mathematicians came up with complicated theories and inventions well before the high-tech tool was developed!

Archimedes Many people consider Archimedes to be one of the most influential mathematicians of all time, an amazing claim considering he was born around 287 B.C.! He discovered buoyancy (he's said to have yelled “Eureka” in delight when he figured out why some things float and others do not), many weapons of war, several formulas for measuring capacity and pi.

Charles Babbage Considered the “father of computing,” Babbage devoted most of his life to inventing mechanical calculating machines. Around 1830, he designed the Difference Engine, a machine that would perform simple mathematical calculations. Next, he tried to make a device that used cards with holes to compute complicated functions at great speed, the Analytical Engine. Although both contraptions were too advanced for the mechanical devices available at the time, his designs became the basis for modern computers. He was born in England in 1791.

Albert Einstein Probably the most famous genius of all time, Einstein changed history when he scribbled E=mc² in 1905. This theory of relativity became the foundation for much of modern science. The famous theory says that the speed of light inside a vacuum, or a space where no matter exists, is the fastest speed in the universe. Einstein was born in Germany in 1879 and became a U.S. citizen in 1940. He won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Sir Isaac Newton Newton is considered one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists in history. He discovered the mathematical laws of gravity and solved difficult problems in geometry. Newton invented a type of math called calculus. He was born in England in 1643.

Blaise Pascal This French philosopher and mathematician was a math expert by age 12, and he invented the first calculator when he was only 19. He also invented the barometer, the hydraulic press and the syringe. He was born in 1623.

reference: http://www.factmonster.com

Prime Numbers

A prime number can be divided, without a remainder, only by itself and by 1. For example, 17 can be divided only by 17 and by 1.

Some facts:

• The only even prime number is 2. All other even numbers can be divided by 2.
• If the sum of a number's digits is a multiple of 3, that number can be divided by 3.
• No prime number greater than 5 ends in a 5. Any number greater than 5 that ends in a 5 can be divided by 5.
• Zero and 1 are not considered prime numbers.
• Except for 0 and 1, a number is either a prime number or a composite number. A composite number is defined as any number, greater than 1, that is not prime.

To prove whether a number is a prime number, first try dividing it by 2, and see if you get a whole number. If you do, it can't be a prime number. If you don't get a whole number, next try dividing it by prime numbers: 3, 5, 7, 11 (9 is divisible by 3) and so on, always dividing by a prime number (see table below).

Here is a table of all prime numbers up to 1,000:

	2	3	5	7	11	13	17	19	23
29	31	37	41	43	47	53	59	61	67
71	73	79	83	89	97	101	103	107	109
113	127	131	137	139	149	151	157	163	167
173	179	181	191	193	197	199	211	223	227
229	233	239	241	251	257	263	269	271	277
281	283	293	307	311	313	317	331	337	347
349	353	359	367	373	379	383	389	397	401
409	419	421	431	433	439	443	449	457	461
463	467	479	487	491	499	503	509	521	523
541	547	557	563	569	571	577	587	593	599
601	607	613	617	619	631	641	643	647	653
659	661	673	677	683	691	701	709	719	727
733	739	743	751	757	761	769	773	787	797
809	811	821	823	827	829	839	853	857	859
863	877	881	883	887	907	911	919	929	937
941	947	953	967	971	977	983	991	997

Uses of Mathematics

Uses of Mathematics

Mathematics is very useful in our day-to-day life. It help us perform many of our tasks.

1. With basic mathematical skills, we can keep record of our day-to-day expenses.
2. We can make budgets and pre-plan our expenditures. Budgeting is an important took to keep control over finances, especially expenditure.
3. We can forecast sales and profit by applying mathematical tools.  Hence, it facilitates us to do business in an efficient way.
4. We become more systematic in our approach while dealing with others.
5. Mathematics facilitates business transactions. The value of purchases and sales are recorded using the principles of mathematics.
6. Develop problem solving approach.
7. Cooking: We need exact measure of vegetables, spices, flour, etc. while cooking food.
8. A carpenter accurately measures the length and breadth of the wood and ply-board while making furniture.
9. Basic mathematical calculations helps train and develop a child’s mind.

reference: http://www.importantindia.com/8083/mathematics

Importance of Mathematics

Importance of Mathematics:

1. Knowledge of Mathematics is necessary for the study of the physical sciences.
2. Computation and calculation are the basis of all studies that deal with matter in any form.
3. Even the physician who has to study biological cells and bacilli need to have the knowledge of Mathematics, if he means to cut the margin of error which alone can make his diagnosis dependable.
4. To the mechanic and the engineer it is a constant guide and help, and without exact knowledge of Mathematics, they cannot proceed one step in coming to grips with any complicated problem.
5. Be it the airplane or the atom bomb, radio-communication or nuclear power, anything that has to do with anything concerning matter in any form, the knowledge of the principles of Mathematics is the one thing absolutely necessary.
6. Mathematical calculations form an important role in architectural activities. Precise calculation are made while planning for the development of a new townships, buildings, bridges, etc.
7. An elementary knowledge of the simplest branch of Mathematics, arithmetic, is the daily need of every man and woman in the ordinary affairs of life.

reference: http://www.importantindia.com/8083/mathematics/

BASIC GEOMETRY

Point: A point is a location in space. It is represented by a dot. Point are usually named with a upper case letter. For example, we refer to the following as "point A"

Line: A line is a collection of points that extend forever. The following is a line. The two arrows are used to show that it extends forever.

We put two points in order to name the line as line AF. However, there are an infinite amount of points. You can also name it line FA

Line segment: A line segment is part of a line. The following is a segment. A segment has two endpoints. The endpoints in the following segments are A and F. Notice also that the line above has no endpoints.

Ray: A ray is a collection of points that begin at one point (an endpoint) and extend forever on one direction. The following is a ray.

Angle: Two rays with the same endpoint is an angle. The following is an angle.

Plane: A plane is a flat surface like a piece of paper. It extends in all directions. We can use arrows to show that it extends in all directions forever. The following is a plane

Parallel lines When two lines never meet in space or on a plane no matter how long we extend them, we say that they are parallel lines The following lines are parallel.

Intersecting lines: When lines meet in space or on a plane, we say that they are intersecting lines The following are intersecting lines.

Vertex: The point where two rays meet is called a vertex. In the angle above, point A is a vertex.


REFERENCE: http://www.basic-mathematics.com/basic-geometry.html

MULTIPLYING BY POWERS OF TEN

Follow the following shortcut when multiplying by powers of ten

Whole numbers multiplied by powers of 10

When multiplying a whole number by a power of ten, just count how many zero you have and attached that to the whole number

Examples:

1) 56 × 10

There is only one zero, so 56 × 10 = 560

2) 45 × 10,000

There are 4 zeros, so 45 × 10000 = 450000

3) 18 × 10,000,000

There are 7 zeros, so 18 × 10,000,000 = 180,000,000

Decimals multiplied by powers of 10

When multipying a decimal by a positive power of ten (positive exponent), move the decimal point one place to the right for each zero you see after the 1

Examples:

1) 0.56 × 10

There is only one zero, so move the decimal point one place to the right.

0.56 × 10 = 5.6

2) 0.56 × 100

There are 2 zeros, so move the decimal point two places to the right

0.56 × 100 = 56

3) 0.056 × 1000

There are three zeros, so move the decimal point 3 places to the right.

0.056 × 1000 = 56

4) 0.056 × 100,000

0.056 × 100,000 = 0.056 × 1000 × 100 = 56 × 100 = 5600

When multipying a decimal by a negative power of ten (negative exponent), move the decimal point one place to the left for each zero you see before the 1

Note that 0.1 = 10^-1, 0.01 = 10^-2, 0.001 = 10^-3, and so forth....

We call 10^-1, 10^-2, and 10^-3 negative powers of 10 because the exponents are negative

Examples:

1) 56 × 0.1

There is only one zero, so move the decimal point one place to the left.

56 × 0.1 = 5.6

2) 560 × 0.01

There are 2 zeros, so move the decimal point two places to the left

560 × 0.01 = 5.6

2) 560 × 0.001

There are 3 zeros, so move the decimal point two places to the left

560 × 0.001 = 0.560

3) 0.56 × 0.1

There is only one zero, so move the decimal point one place to the left.

0.56 × 0.1 = 0.056

4) 0.56 × 0.01

There are 2 zeros, so move the decimal point two places to the left

0.56 × 0.01 = 0.0056



REFERENCE: http://www.basic-mathematics.com